汽车用开关稳压器提供输入瞬时电压保护

　　Input-protection components consist of Q1, R1, D1, C5, and one-half of D2 (Figure 1). At start-up, N-channel MOSFET Q1’s source is at ground potential and turns on when R1 applies the battery voltage to the gate. Once the input voltage is above the minimum of 2.74V on IC1, the LM2734Z regulator starts switching, which charges the bootstrap circuit comprising D3, D4, and CB. This bootstrap voltage of approximately VOUT–VFD (forward

-voltage drop) of D3 then transfers to the gate source of Q1. Capacitor C5 then maintains gate drive during the bootstrap diode’s off times.

　　Under normal operating conditions, for example, the battery voltage is 8 to 18V, D1 does not limit conduction of Q1, and the gate voltage tracks approximately 2.5V above the input-supply voltage for a low voltage drop from the battery voltage to the input voltage of the LM2734Z. However, when the input voltage increases above the threshold that D1 sets, the input voltage to the LM2734Z regulates to the zener voltage (VZ) of D1 minus the threshold voltage of Q1, or approximately 20–2V=18V, well below the 24V absolute maximum of the LM2734Z. Selecting Q1 requires careful consideration of maximum input voltage, gate-to-source-voltage threshold, and power dissipation under both steady-state and thermal-transient conditions.

　　Q1, the SI1470DN N-channel MOSFET, provides 50V protection with a drain-to-source voltage (VDS) of 30V+20V (zener diode D1 voltage), has an on-resistance of 95 mΩ at a gate-to-source voltage of 2.5V, and comes in a thermally efficient SC70-6 package. For some applications, the regulator’s output voltage may be insufficient to fully turn on the selected protection MOSFET, so you can increase the bootstrap voltage with a separate zener reference, as the LM2734Z’s data sheet shows (Reference 1).

　　Reference

　　“LM2734Z Thin SOT23 1A Load Step-Down DC-DC Regulator,” National Semiconductor.

　　英文原文地址：http://www.edn.com/article/CA6518683.html